Slovenia
The Slovene lands were part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire until the latter's dissolution at the end of World War I. In 1918, the Slovenes joined the Serbs and Croats in forming a new multinational state, which was named Yugoslavia in 1929. After World War II, Slovenia was one of the republics in the restored Yugoslavia, which, though communist, soon distanced itself from the Soviet Union and spearheaded the Non-Aligned Movement. Dissatisfied with the exercise of power by the majority Serbs, the Slovenes succeeded in establishing their independence in 1991 after a short 10-day war. Historical ties to Western Europe, a growing economy, and a stable democracy have assisted in Slovenia's postcommunist transition. Slovenia acceded to both NATO and the EU in the spring of 2004; it joined the euro zone and the Schengen zone in 2007.

geography

location

46.7° N, 14. 49° E
south Central Europe, Julian Alps between Austria and Croatia

area

20,273 sq km
land
20,151 sq km
water
122 sq km

land boundaries

1,211 km

coastline

46.6 km

climate

Mediterranean climate on the coast, continental climate with mild to hot summers and cold winters in the plateaus and valleys to the east

terrain

a short southwestern coastal strip of Karst topography on the Adriatic; an alpine mountain region lies adjacent to Italy and Austria in the north; mixed mountains and valleys with numerous rivers to the east

elevation

492 m
lowest point
Adriatic Sea
0 m
highest point
Triglav
2,864 m

natural resources

  • lignite
  • lead
  • zinc
  • building stone
  • hydropower
  • forests

land use

arable land
8.4 %
permanent crops
1.3 %
permanent pasture
13.1 %
forest
62.3 %
other
14.9 %

population distribution

a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations; pockets in the mountainous northwest exhibit less density than elsewhere

people

population

  • 2,102,678
  • 148
    global rank

nationality

  • Slovene(s)
    noun
  • Slovenian
    adjective

ethnic groups

Slovene
83.1 %
Serb
2 %
Croat
1.8 %
Bosniak
1.1 %
other or unspecified
12 %

languages

  • Slovene
    official
  • Serbo-Croatian
  • other or unspecified
  • Italian
    official, only in municipalities where Italian national communities reside
  • Hungarian
    official, only in municipalities where Hungarian national communities reside; 2002 census

religions

Catholic
57.8 %
Muslim
2.4 %
Orthodox
2.3 %
other Christian
0.9 %
unaffiliated
3.5 %
other or unspecified
23 %
none
10.1 %

birth rate

  • 8.7
    per 1,000 population
  • 212
    global rank

death rate

  • 10.3
    per 1,000 population
  • 32
    global rank

urban population

55.1 %

major urban areas

  • Ljubljana
    pop. 286,000

life expectancy

  • 81.4
    total population
  • 32
    global rank
78.5
male
84.4
female

adult obesity rate

  • 20.2%
    percent of adults
  • 104
    global rank

government

country name

    conventional

  • Republic of Slovenia
    long form
  • Slovenia
    short form

    local

  • Republika Slovenija
    long form
  • Slovenija
    short form

government type

parliamentary republic

capital

Ljubljana
46.3 N, 14.31 E

independence

national holidays

  • Independence Day/Statehood Day
    25 June

legal system

civil law system

age of suffrage

18

flag description

three equal horizontal bands of white (top), blue, and red, derive from the medieval coat of arms of the Duchy of Carniola; the Slovenian seal (a shield with the image of Triglav, Slovenia's highest peak, in white against a blue background at the center; beneath it are two wavy blue lines depicting seas and rivers, and above it are three six-pointed stars arranged in an inverted triangle, which are taken from the coat of arms of the Counts of Celje, the prominent Slovene dynastic house of the late 14th and early 15th centuries) appears in the upper hoist side of the flag centered on the white and blue bands

national colors

  • white
  • blue
  • red

national anthem

"Zdravljica" (A Toast)

economy

overview

With excellent infrastructure, a well-educated work force, and a strategic location between the Balkans and Western Europe, Slovenia has one of the highest per capita GDPs in Central Europe, despite having suffered a protracted recession in the 2008-09 period in the wake of the global financial crisis. Slovenia became the first 2004 EU entrant to adopt the euro (on 1 January 2007) and has experienced a stable political and economic transition. In March 2004, Slovenia became the first transition country to graduate from borrower status to donor partner at the World Bank. In 2007, Slovenia was invited to begin the process for joining the OECD; it became a member in 2012. From 2014 to 2016, export-led growth, fueled by demand in larger European markets, pushed annual GDP growth above 2.3%. Growth reached 5.0% in 2017 and is projected to near or reach 5% in 2018. What used to be stubbornly high unemployment fell below 5.5% in early 2018, driven by strong exports and increasing consumption that boosted labor demand. Continued fiscal consolidation through increased tax collection and social security contributions will likely result in a balanced government budget in 2019. Prime Minister CERAR’s government took office in September 2014, pledging to press ahead with commitments to privatize a select group of state-run companies, rationalize public spending, and further stabilize the banking sector. Efforts to privatize Slovenia’s largely state-owned banking sector have largely stalled, however, amid concerns about an ongoing dispute over Yugoslav-era foreign currency deposits.

GDP

71,230,000,000 USD
2017

agriculture products

  • hops
  • wheat
  • coffee
  • corn
  • apples
  • pears
  • cattle
  • sheep
  • poultry

poverty level

13.9%
2016

budget

  • 21,070,000,000
    revenue (USD)
  • 21,060,000,000
    expenditures (USD)

communications

telephones

    fixed lines

  • 694,709
    total subscriptions
  • 89
    global rank

    mobile cellular

  • 2,465,857
    total subscriptions
  • 146
    global rank

broadcast media

public TV broadcaster, Radiotelevizija Slovenija (RTV), operates a system of national and regional TV stations; 35 domestic commercial TV stations operating nationally, regionally, and locally; about 60% of households are connected to multi-channel cable TV; public radio broadcaster operates 3 national and 4 regional stations; more than 75 regional and local commercial and non-commercial radio stations

internet

.si
country code

    users

  • 1,676,445
    total
  • 79.75
    % of population
  • 128
    global rank

energy

electricity access

100%
2016

transportation

air transport

    national system

  • 2
    registered air carriers
  • 1,130,637
    annual passenger traffic

    airports

  • 16
    total
  • 9
    paved

railways

1,229 km
total length

roadways

38,985 km
total length

military

expenditures

expenditures here

service age

18