Saint Barthelemy
Discovered in 1493 by Christopher COLUMBUS who named it for his brother Bartolomeo, Saint Barthelemy was first settled by the French in 1648. In 1784, the French sold the island to Sweden, which renamed the largest town Gustavia, after the Swedish King GUSTAV III, and made it a free port; the island prospered as a trade and supply center during the colonial wars of the 18th century. France repurchased the island in 1877 and took control the following year. It was placed under the administration of Guadeloupe. Saint Barthelemy retained its free port status along with various Swedish appellations such as Swedish street and town names, and the three-crown symbol on the coat of arms. In 2003, the islanders voted to secede from Guadeloupe, and in 2007, the island became a French overseas collectivity. In 2012, it became an overseas territory of the EU, allowing it to exert local control over the permanent and temporary immigration of foreign workers including non-French European citizens.

geography

location

Central America and the Caribbean
17.90° N, 62. 85° W
Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean; located in the Leeward Islands (northern) group; Saint Barthelemy lies east of the US Virgin Islands

area

25 sq km
land
25 sq km
water
sq km

land boundaries

0 km

climate

tropical, with practically no variation in temperature; has two seasons (dry and humid)

terrain

hilly, almost completely surrounded by shallow-water reefs, with plentiful beaches

elevation

lowest point
Caribbean Ocean
0
highest point
Morne du Vitet
286

natural resources

  • few natural resources
  • beaches foster tourism

population distribution

most of the populace concentrated in and around the capital of Gustavia, but scattered settlements exist around the island periphery

people

population

  • 7,122
  • 226
    global rank

ethnic groups

  • other white
  • Creole
  • black
  • Guadeloupe Mestizo

languages

  • French
    primary
  • English

religions

  • Roman Catholic
  • Protestant
  • Jehovah's Witnesses

birth rate

  • 9.3
    per 1,000 population
  • 202
    global rank

death rate

  • 8.7
    per 1,000 population
  • 70
    global rank

life expectancy

  • 80.2
    total population
  • 46
    global rank
77
male
83.4
female

government

country name

    conventional

  • Overseas Collectivity of Saint Barthelemy
    long form
  • Saint Barthelemy
    short form

    local

  • Collectivite d'outre mer de Saint-Barthelemy
    long form
  • Saint-Barthelemy
    short form

government type

parliamentary democracy (Territorial Council); overseas collectivity of France

capital

Gustavia
17.53 N, 62.51 W

independence

national holidays

  • Fete de la Federation
    14 July

legal system

French civil law

age of suffrage

18

flag description

the flag of France is used

national anthem

"L'Hymne a St. Barthelemy" (Hymn to St. Barthelemy)

economy

overview

The economy of Saint Barthelemy is based upon high-end tourism and duty-free luxury commerce, serving visitors primarily from North America. The luxury hotels and villas host 70,000 visitors each year with another 130,000 arriving by boat. The relative isolation and high cost of living inhibits mass tourism. The construction and public sectors also enjoy significant investment in support of tourism. With limited fresh water resources, all food must be imported, as must all energy resources and most manufactured goods. The tourism sector creates a strong employment demand and attracts labor from Brazil and Portugal. The country’s currency is the euro.

communications

broadcast media

no local TV broadcasters; 3 FM radio channels (2019)

energy

This entry doesn't have any available energy data.

transportation

air transport

    airports

  • 1
    total
  • 1
    paved

military

This entry doesn't have any available military data.