Christmas Island
Although Europeans had sighted the island at least as early as 1615, it was only named in 1643 for the day of its rediscovery. The island was annexed and settlement began by the UK in 1888 with the discovery of the island's phosphate deposits. Following the Second World War, Christmas Island came under the jurisdiction of the new British Colony of Singapore. The island existed as a separate Crown colony from 1 January 1958 to 1 October 1958 when its transfer to Australian jurisdiction was finalized. That date is still celebrated on the first Monday in October as Territory Day. Almost two-thirds of the island has been declared a national park.

geography

location

10.30° S, 105. 40° E
Southeastern Asia, island in the Indian Ocean, south of Indonesia

area

135 sq km
land
135 sq km
water
0 sq km

land boundaries

0 km

coastline

138.9 km

climate

tropical with a wet season (December to April) and dry season; heat and humidity moderated by trade winds

terrain

steep cliffs along coast rise abruptly to central plateau

elevation

lowest point
Indian Ocean
0
highest point
Murray Hill
361

natural resources

  • phosphate
  • beaches

land use

  • arable land
  • permanent crops
  • permanent pasture
  • forest
  • other

population distribution

majority of the population lives on the northern tip of the island

people

population

  • 2,205
  • 231
    global rank

nationality

  • Christmas Islander(s)
    noun
  • Christmas Island
    adjective

ethnic groups

Chinese
70 %
European
20 %
Malay
10 %

languages

  • English
    official
  • Mandarin
  • Malay
  • Cantonese
  • Min Nan
  • Tagalog
  • other
  • unspecified

religions

Muslim
19.4 %
Buddhist
18.3 %
Roman Catholic
8.8 %
Protestant
6.5 %
other Christian
3.3 %
other
0.6 %
none
15.3 %
unspecified
27.7 %

government

government type

non-self-governing overseas territory of Australia

capital

The Settlement (Flying Fish Cove)
10.25 S, 105.43 E

independence

national holidays

  • Australia Day
    26 January

legal system

legal system is under the authority of the governor general of Australia and Australian law

age of suffrage

18

flag description

territorial flag; divided diagonally from upper hoist to lower fly; the upper triangle is green with a yellow image of the Golden Bosun Bird superimposed; the lower triangle is blue with the Southern Cross constellation, representing Australia, superimposed; a centered yellow disk displays a green map of the island

economy

overview

The main economic activities on Christmas Island are the mining of low grade phosphate, limited tourism, the provision of government services and, since 2005, the construction and operation of the Immigration Detention Center. The government sector includes administration, health, education, policing, customs, quarantine, and defense.

agriculture products

  • NA

budget

  • revenue (undefined)
  • expenditures (undefined)

communications

broadcast media

1 community radio station; satellite broadcasts of several Australian radio and TV stations (2017)

internet

.cx
country code

    users

  • 790
    total
  • 35.8
    % of population
  • 224
    global rank

energy

This entry doesn't have any available energy data.

transportation

air transport

    airports

  • 1
    total
  • 1
    paved

railways

18 km
total length

roadways

140 km
total length

military

This entry doesn't have any available military data.