The Bahamas
Lucayan Indians inhabited the islands when Christopher COLUMBUS first set foot in the New World on San Salvador in 1492. British settlement of the islands began in 1647; the islands became a colony in 1783. Piracy thrived in the 17th and 18th centuries because of The Bahamas close proximity to shipping lanes. Since attaining independence from the UK in 1973, The Bahamas has prospered through tourism, international banking, and investment management, which comprise up to 85% of GDP. Because of its proximity to the US - the nearest Bahamian landmass being only 80 km (50 mi) from Florida - the country is a major transshipment point for illicit trafficking, particularly to the US mainland, as well as Europe. US law enforcement agencies cooperate closely with The Bahamas, and the US Coast Guard assists Bahamian authorities in coastal defense through Operation Bahamas, Turks and Caicos, or OPBAT.

geography

location

Central America and the Caribbean
24.15° N, 76. 0° W
chain of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, southeast of Florida, northeast of Cuba

area

13,880 sq km
land
10,010 sq km
water
3,870 sq km

land boundaries

0 km

coastline

3,542 km

climate

tropical marine; moderated by warm waters of Gulf Stream

terrain

long, flat coral formations with some low rounded hills

elevation

lowest point
Atlantic Ocean
0
highest point
Mount Alvernia on Cat Island
64

natural resources

  • salt
  • aragonite
  • timber
  • arable land

land use

arable land
0.8 %
permanent crops
0.4 %
permanent pasture
0.2 %
forest
51.4 %
other
47.2 %

population distribution

most of the population lives in urban areas, with two-thirds living on New Providence Island where Nassau is located

people

population

  • 337,721
  • 179
    global rank

nationality

  • Bahamian(s)
    noun
  • Bahamian
    adjective

ethnic groups

black
90.6 %
white
4.7 %
black and white
2.1 %
other
1.9 %
unspecified
0.7 %

languages

  • English
    official
  • Creole
    among Haitian immigrants

religions

Protestant
69.9 %
Roman Catholic
12 %
other Christian
13 %
other
0.6 %
none
1.9 %
unspecified
2.6 %

birth rate

  • 14.8
    per 1,000 population
  • 121
    global rank

death rate

  • 7.4
    per 1,000 population
  • 108
    global rank

urban population

83.2 %

major urban areas

  • Nassau
    pop. 280,000

life expectancy

  • 73.3
    total population
  • 146
    global rank
70.8
male
75.8
female

adult obesity rate

  • 31.6%
    percent of adults
  • 21
    global rank

government

government type

parliamentary democracy under a constitutional monarchy; a Commonwealth realm

capital

Nassau
25.5 N, 77.21 W

independence

national holidays

  • Independence Day
    10 July

legal system

common law system based on the English model

age of suffrage

18

flag description

three equal horizontal bands of aquamarine (top), gold, and aquamarine, with a black equilateral triangle based on the hoist side; the band colors represent the golden beaches of the islands surrounded by the aquamarine sea; black represents the vigor and force of a united people, while the pointing triangle indicates the enterprise and determination of the Bahamian people to develop the rich resources of land and sea

national colors

  • aquamarine
  • yellow
  • black

national anthem

March On, Bahamaland!

economy

overview

The Bahamas has the second highest per capita GDP in the English-speaking Caribbean with an economy heavily dependent on tourism and financial services. Tourism accounts for approximately 50% of GDP and directly or indirectly employs half of the archipelago's labor force. Financial services constitute the second-most important sector of the Bahamian economy, accounting for about 15% of GDP. Manufacturing and agriculture combined contribute less than 7% of GDP and show little growth, despite government incentives aimed at those sectors. The new government led by Prime Minister Hubert MINNIS has prioritized addressing fiscal imbalances and rising debt, which stood at 75% of GDP in 2016. Large capital projects like the Baha Mar Casino and Hotel are driving growth. Public debt increased in 2017 in large part due to hurricane reconstruction and relief financing. The primary fiscal balance was a deficit of 0.4% of GDP in 2016. The Bahamas is the only country in the Western Hemisphere that is not a member of the World Trade Organization.

GDP

12,060,000,000 USD
2017

agriculture products

  • citrus
  • vegetables
  • poultry
  • seafood

poverty level

9.3%
2010

budget

  • 2,138,999,999.9,999,998
    revenue (USD)
  • 2,460,000,000
    expenditures (USD)

communications

telephones

    fixed lines

  • 113,455
    total subscriptions
  • 139
    global rank

    mobile cellular

  • 381,591
    total subscriptions
  • 177
    global rank

broadcast media

The Bahamas has 4 major TV providers that provide service to all major islands in the archipelago; 1 TV station is operated by government-owned, commercially run Broadcasting Corporation of the Bahamas (BCB) and competes freely with 4 privately owned TV stations; multi-channel cable TV subscription service is widely available; there are 32 licensed broadcast (radio) service providers, 31 are privately owned FM radio stations operating on New Providence, Grand Bahama Island, Abaco Island, and on smaller islands in the country; the BCB operates a multi-channel radio broadcasting network that has national coverage; the sector is regulated by the Utilities Regulation and Competition Authority (2019)

internet

.bs
country code

    users

  • 282,739
    total
  • 85
    % of population
  • 167
    global rank

energy

electricity access

100%
2016

transportation

air transport

    national system

  • 4
    registered air carriers
  • 587,516
    annual passenger traffic

    airports

  • 54
    total
  • 24
    paved

roadways

2,700 km
total length

military

service age

18